Document Type

Article

Source of Publication

Scientific Reports

Publication Date

12-1-2018

Abstract

© 2018, The Author(s). Cigarette smoking alters the oral microbiome; however, the effect of alternative tobacco products remains unclear. Middle Eastern tobacco products like dokha and shisha, are becoming globally widespread. We tested for the first time in a Middle Eastern population the hypothesis that different tobacco products impact the oral microbiome. The oral microbiome of 330 subjects from the United Arab Emirates Healthy Future Study was assessed by amplifying the bacterial 16S rRNA gene from mouthwash samples. Tobacco consumption was assessed using a structured questionnaire and further validated by urine cotinine levels. Oral microbiome overall structure and specific taxon abundances were compared, using PERMANOVA and DESeq analyses respectively. Our results show that overall microbial composition differs between smokers and nonsmokers (p = 0.0001). Use of cigarettes (p = 0.001) and dokha (p = 0.042) were associated with overall microbiome structure, while shisha use was not (p = 0.62). The abundance of multiple genera were significantly altered (enriched/depleted) in cigarette smokers; however, only Actinobacillus, Porphyromonas, Lautropia and Bifidobacterium abundances were significantly changed in dokha users whereas no genera were significantly altered in shisha smokers. For the first time, we show that smoking dokha is associated to oral microbiome dysbiosis, suggesting that it could have similar effects as smoking cigarettes on oral health.

ISSN

2045-2322

Publisher

Nature Publishing Group

Volume

8

Issue

1

First Page

11327

Last Page

11327

Disciplines

Life Sciences

Keywords

cotinine, RNA 16S, adult, adverse event, dysbiosis, female, genetics, human, male, microbiology, microflora, mouth mucosa, pathology, questionnaire, smoking, tobacco use, United Arab Emirates, urine, waterpipe tobacco, Adult, Cotinine, Dysbiosis, Female, Humans, Male, Microbiota, Mouth Mucosa, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Smoking, Surveys and Questionnaires, Tobacco Use, Tobacco, Waterpipe, United Arab Emirates

Scopus ID

85050803805

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Indexed in Scopus

yes

Open Access

yes

Open Access Type

Gold: This publication is openly available in an open access journal/series

Included in

Life Sciences Commons

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