Sustainability and Stability: Examining the Impact of ESG Controversies and Executive Diversity on Financial Distress

Author First name, Last name, Institution

Ahmed Aboud, Zayed University
Mohamed Elmaghrabi, Al Ain University

Document Type

Article

Source of Publication

Business Strategy and the Environment

Publication Date

3-9-2026

Abstract

This study investigates the relationship between environmental, social, and governance (ESG) controversies, executive gender diversity, and financial distress. Using a UK sample covering the period 2011–2022, the analysis reveals a positive association between ESG controversies and financial distress, indicating that negative ESG perceptions can exacerbate firms' financial challenges. In contrast, executive gender diversity is found to have a negative relationship with financial distress, suggesting its potential protective role in mitigating financial risks. Furthermore, the results reveal a substitution effect between gender diversity and ESG controversies in influencing financial distress. Overall, this research contributes to the academic literature on the financial implications of ESG practices and provides valuable insights for companies and policymakers by emphasizing the critical interplay among ESG performance, executive gender diversity, and financial stability.

ISSN

0964-4733

Publisher

Wiley

Disciplines

Business

Keywords

corporate governance, ESG, ESG controversies, financial distress, gender diversity, sustainability

Scopus ID

105032146045

Indexed in Scopus

yes

Open Access

no

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