Service Delay Deviation-Aware Vehicle-Road Cooperative Control for Communication-Transportation-Power Integrated Complex System

Author First name, Last name, Institution

• Haijun Liao, North China Electric Power University
• Haoyu Ci, North China Electric Power University
• Zijia Yao, North China Electric Power University
• Ziming Li, North China Electric Power University
• Zhenyu Zhou, North China Electric Power University
• Muhammad Tariq, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences Islamabad
• Shahid Mumtaz, Nottingham Trent University
• Anwer Al-Dulaimi, VeltrosFollow

Document Type

Article

Source of Publication

IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology

Publication Date

1-1-2026

Abstract

Vehicle-road cooperation involves real-time data interaction among autonomous driving vehicles (ADVs), roadside edge-computing units (RSEUs), and parked roadside electric vehicles (RSEVs), which realizes integrated computing power and electric demand responses and supports smart transportation construction. However, the close coupling of communication, transportation, and power systems poses new challenges for optimizing vehicle-road cooperation control. To address this, we propose a vehicle-road cooperation framework considering triple-system coupling for communication-transportation-power integrated complex system. An optimization problem is formulated to maximize the aggregator demand response profit and RSEV satisfaction while minimizing grid power losses by jointly optimizing control computing offloading, computing migration, computing power allocation, and charging/discharging. Then, a hybrid deep actor-critic (DAC)-based computing migration control optimization algorithm is proposed to improve load balancing and queue backlog performances by constructing locally and globally balanced hybrid DAC network to precisely access the state value of communication system and the global state value of integrated system. Furthermore, computing power allocation and charging/discharging control are jointly optimized based on service delay deviation awareness, where network calculus theory is leveraged to quantify delay deviation between actual system performance and delay violation probability constraint. Simulation results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed algorithm in delay, RSEV satisfaction, aggregator profit and grid power losses.

DOI Link

10.1109/tvt.2026.3713220

ISSN

0018-9545

Publisher

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

Disciplines

Computer Sciences

Keywords

autonomous driving, communication-transportation-power integrated complex system, computing power and electric integrated demand response, service delay deviation awareness, Vehicle-road cooperation

Scopus ID

105045015155

Recommended Citation

Liao, Haijun; Ci, Haoyu; Yao, Zijia; Li, Ziming; Zhou, Zhenyu; Tariq, Muhammad; Mumtaz, Shahid; and Al-Dulaimi, Anwer, "Service Delay Deviation-Aware Vehicle-Road Cooperative Control for Communication-Transportation-Power Integrated Complex System" (2026). All Works. 8231.
https://zuscholars.zu.ac.ae/works/8231

Indexed in Scopus

yes

Open Access

no