3D Channel Spatial Selectivity Analysis of LEO Satellite-Vehicle Communication

Document Type

Article

Source of Publication

IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology

Publication Date

1-1-2026

Abstract

Channel spatial selectivity, characterized by the differential fading of co-frequency signals in three-dimensional (3D) angular domains under identical temporal conditions, serves as a critical foundation for designing and optimizing high capacity transmission technologies in low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite-to-vehicle (S2V) massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems. A geometry-based stochastic model for 3D multipath angular power density (APD) is proposed in Rician fading channels with directional beamforming in this paper. The model incorporates adjustable beam arrival directions to emulate realistic LEO S2V scenarios. The unnormalized complex spherical harmonic coefficients are analytically derived using stochastic geometric principles. Furthermore, the impacts of 3D spatial angular directions are quantitatively evaluated through four key statistics: APD distribution, multipath shape factors, fading rate variance, and spatial correlation coefficients. The results provide a theoretical foundation for 3D beamforming design, intelligent antenna array configuration, and interference suppression in LEO S2V communication systems.

ISSN

0018-9545

Publisher

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

Disciplines

Computer Sciences

Keywords

Channel spatial selectivity, LEO satellite, vehicle communication

Scopus ID

105048607648

Indexed in Scopus

yes

Open Access

no

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