The Dunning-Kruger effect in Emirati college students: Evidence for Generalizability across cultures

Document Type

Article

Source of Publication

International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy

Publication Date

3-1-2020

Abstract

© 2020 AAC. Past research reports higher levels of overconfidence for low performers compared to more proficient performers. This finding has been attributed to low performers' lack of insight into their cognitive processes, and it is referred as the Dunning-Kruger effect. This effect has been replicated across various tasks and domains. To date, however, there have been very limited explorations of the Dunning-Kruger effect in individuals from Non-Western, collectivist countries, where self-enhancing biases might be less prevalent. The aim of this study is to explore whether the Dunning-Kruger effect is also demonstrated among Arab, college students in the United Arab Emirates. Emirati, female college students completed a matrix reasoning task and subsequently assessed their own performance on it by estimating their raw score. The results replicated the Dunning-Kruger effect. Participants scoring in the lowest quartile significantly overestimated their performance and demonstrated levels of overconfidence significantly higher than that of more proficient peers. This study extends our understanding of overconfidence and the Dunning-Kruger effect to the Arab world. The results are discussed with reference to proposed underlying mechanisms.

ISSN

1577-7057

Publisher

Universidad de Almeria

Volume

20

Issue

1

First Page

29

Last Page

36

Disciplines

Social and Behavioral Sciences

Keywords

Collectivist society, Cross-cultural, Dunning-Kruger effect, Metacognition, Overconfidence, Reasoning, Self-insight

Scopus ID

85081629014

Indexed in Scopus

yes

Open Access

no

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