Evaluating ChatGPT-5 for Misuse Case Diagram Generation: An Empirical Evaluation
Document Type
Conference Proceeding
Source of Publication
International Conference on Evaluation of Novel Approaches to Software Engineering Enase Proceedings
Publication Date
1-1-2026
Abstract
Misuse case diagrams are a widely adopted technique in security requirements engineering, enabling analysts to model adversarial threats and derive countermeasures early in the software development lifecycle. However, manual construction of these diagrams is prone to incompleteness and subjectivity, requiring significant security expertise. Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT present a promising opportunity to automate this process, yet their effectiveness for generating structured security modeling artifacts remains largely unexplored. This paper presents an exploratory study evaluating ChatGPT-5's ability to generate misuse case diagrams directly from textual security requirements, using 12 case studies of varying complexity spanning small, medium, and large requirement sets. The diagrams produced by ChatGPT-5 were evaluated against manually constructed ground-truth diagrams, and our results indicate that ChatGPT-5 performs well overall, demonstrating a strong capability to identify key actors, threats, and adversarial relationships from natural language input.
DOI Link
ISBN
[9789897588280]
ISSN
Publisher
SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications
Volume
1
First Page
599
Last Page
610
Disciplines
Computer Sciences
Keywords
ChatGPT-5, Empirical Evaluation, Large Language Models, Misuse Case Diagrams, Security Requirements Engineering, Threat Modeling, UML
Scopus ID
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 International License.
Recommended Citation
Alzarooni, Alia; Khan, Yasser; Alsayegh, Hassan; El-Attar, Mohamed; and Grati, Rima, "Evaluating ChatGPT-5 for Misuse Case Diagram Generation: An Empirical Evaluation" (2026). All Works. 8329.
https://zuscholars.zu.ac.ae/works/8329
Indexed in Scopus
yes
Open Access
yes
Open Access Type
Gold: This publication is openly available in an open access journal/series